No Arabic abstract
A simplicial complex $X$ is said to be tight with respect to a field $mathbb{F}$ if $X$ is connected and, for every induced subcomplex $Y$ of $X$, the linear map $H_ast (Y; mathbb{F}) rightarrow H_ast (X; mathbb{F})$ (induced by the inclusion map) is injective. This notion was introduced by K{u}hnel in [10]. In this paper we prove the following two combinatorial criteria for tightness. (a) Any $(k+1)$-neighbourly $k$-stacked $mathbb{F}$-homology manifold with boundary is $mathbb{F}$-tight. Also, (b) any $mathbb{F}$-orientable $(k+1)$-neighbourly $k$-stacked $mathbb{F}$-homology manifold without boundary is $mathbb{F}$-tight, at least if its dimension is not equal to $2k+1$. The result (a) appears to be the first criterion to be found for tightness of (homology) manifolds with boundary. Since every $(k+1)$-neighbourly $k$-stacked manifold without boundary is, by definition, the boundary of a $(k+1)$-neighbourly $k$-stacked manifold with boundary - and since we now know several examples (including two infinite families) of triangulations from the former class - theorem (a) provides us with many examples of tight triangulated manifolds with boundary. The second result (b) generalizes a similar result from [2] which was proved for a class of combinatorial manifolds without boundary. We believe that theorem (b) is valid for dimension $2k+1$ as well. Except for this lacuna, this result answers a recent question of Effenberger [8] affirmatively.
Let $M$ be a closed simply connected smooth manifold. Let $F_p$ be the finite field with $p$ elements where $p> 0$ is a prime integer. Suppose that $M$ is an $F_p$-elliptic space in the sense of [FHT91]. We prove that if the cohomology algebra $H^*(M, F_p)$ cannot be generated (as an algebra) by one element, then any Riemannian metric on $M$ has an infinite number of geometrically distinct closed geodesics. The starting point is a classical theorem of Gromoll and Meyer [GM69]. The proof uses string homology, in particular the spectral sequence of [CJY04], the main theorem of [McC87], and the structure theorem for elliptic Hopf algebras over $F_p$ from [FHT91].
The cohomological rigidity problem for toric manifolds asks whether toric manifolds are diffeomorphic (or homeomorphic) if their integral cohomology rings are isomorphic. Many affirmative partial solutions to the problem have been obtained and no counterexample is known. In this paper, we study the diffeomorphism classification of toric Fano $d$-folds with $d=3,4$ or with Picard number $ge 2d-2$. In particular, we show that those manifolds except for two toric Fano $4$-folds are diffeomorphic if their integral cohomology rings are isomorphic. The exceptional two toric Fano $4$-folds (their ID numbers are 50 and 57 on a list of {O}bro) have isomorphic cohomology rings and their total Pontryagin classes are preserved under an isomorphism between their cohomology rings, but we do not know whether they are diffeomorphic or homeomorphic.
Persistence diagrams, combining geometry and topology for an effective shape description used in pattern recognition, have already proven to be an effective tool for shape representation with respect to a certainfiltering function. Comparing the persistence diagram of a query with those of a database allows automatic classification or retrieval, but unfortunately, the standard method for comparing persistence diagrams, the bottleneck distance, has a high computational cost. A possible algebraic solution to this problem is to switch to comparisons between the complex polynomials whose roots are the cornerpoints of the persistence diagrams. This strategy allows to reduce the computational cost in a significant way, thereby making persistent homology based applications suitable for large scale databases. The definition of new distances in the polynomial frame-work poses some interesting problems, both of theoretical and practical nature. In this paper, these questions have been addressed by considering possible transformations of the half-plane where the persistence diagrams lie onto the complex plane, and by considering a certain re-normalisation the symmetric functions associated to the polynomial roots of the resulting transformed polynomial. The encouraging numerical results, obtained in a dermatology application test, suggest that the proposed method may even improve the achievements obtained by the standard methods using persistence diagrams and the bottleneck distance.
For a fixed $N$, we analyze the space of all sequences $z=(z_1,dots,z_N)$, approximating a continuous function on the circle, with a given persistence diagram $P$, and show that the typical components of this space are homotopy equivalent to $S^1$. We also consider the space of functions on $Y$-shaped (resp., star-shaped) trees with a 2-point persistence diagram, and show that this space is homotopy equivalent to $S^1$ (resp., to a bouquet of circles).
In the world of chain complexes E_n-algebras are the analogues of based n-fold loop spaces in the category of topological spaces. Fresse showed that operadic E_n-homology of an E_n-algebra computes the homology of an n-fold algebraic delooping. The aim of this paper is to construct two spectral sequences for calculating these homology groups and to treat some concrete classes of examples such as Hochschild cochains, graded polynomial algebras and chains on iterated loop spaces. In characteristic zero we gain an identification of the summands in Pirashvilis Hodge decomposition of higher order Hochschild homology in terms of derived functors of indecomposables of Gerstenhaber algebras and as the homology of exterior and symmetric powers of derived Kahler differentials.